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\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6210\u7acb\u524d\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u74e6\u65af\u8207\u6c34\u9053\uff08\u81ea\u4f86\u6c34\uff09\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u8a66\u7ba1\u8981\u7528\u9152\u7cbe\u71c8\u52a0\u71b1\uff0c\u6709\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u6c34\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u6c92\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u4fbf\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

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1911\u5e74\u4ee5\u842c\u570b\u885b\u751f\u535a\u89bd\u6703\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u885b\u751f\u4e8b\u60c5\u300b\u505a\u70ba\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u7533\u8acb\uff0c\u4f46\u7533\u8acb\u66f8\u8981\u672c\u4eba\u84cb\u5370\uff0c\u4f46\u9ad8\u6728\u5805\u4e0d\u84cb\u5370\uff0c\u8aaa\u300c\u9664\u975e\u5077\u5370\u9451\u53bb\u84cb\u300d\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7d93\u4e0d\u8d77\u597d\u53cb\u7684\u539a\u610f\u800c\u84cb\u5370\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6709\u95dc\u5317\u91cc\u6240\u5275\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8981\u79fb\u8f49\u70ba\u6771\u5927\u9644\u5c6c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u9ad8\u6728\u751a\u81f3\u8981\u8fad\u6389\u5728\u53f0\u8077\u4f4d\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u7121\u85aa\u7d66\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u9577\uff0c\u56de\u6771\u4eac\u8207\u5317\u91cc\u76f8\u633a\uff0c\u807d\u8aaa\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\u9752\u5c71\u6240\u7b56\u52d5\uff0c\u9ad8\u6728\u8207\u9752\u5c71\u4e4b\u6069\u6028\u8a73\uff08\u9577\u6728\u5927\u4e09\uff0c1992\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1915\u5e74\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u9577\u7531\u5800\u5167\u6b21\u96c4\u7e7c\u4efb\uff0c\u9ad8\u6728\u5c08\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9577\u8077\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u63a8\u52d5\u91ab\u5b78\u885b\u751f\u884c\u653f\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u5927\u696d\u7e3e\u3002\u5177\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u512a\u826f\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u898b\u8b58\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u6c23\u8cea\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53d7\u660e\u77f3\u7e3d\u7763\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c1919\u5e74\u5f9e\u6587\u5b98\u4f11\u8077\uff0c\u5c08\u4efb\u70ba\u5efa\u8a2d\u65e5\u6708\u6f6d\u6c34\u96fb\u6210\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e\u793e\u9577\u30021929\u5e747\u67089\u65e5\u5dee22\u5929\u5c31\u6eff\u4e8c\u4efb\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u88ab\u4f9d\u9858\u514d\u53bb\u53f0\u96fb\u793e\u9577\u8077\uff08\u8a3b9\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5e744\u6708\u4ed6\u7684\u5f8c\u53f0\u5f8c\u85e4\u65b0\u5e73\u5728\u6771\u4eac\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u800c\u63a5\u9ad8\u6728\u8077\u7684\u526f\u793e\u9577\u9060\u85e4\u9054\u4e5f\u88ab\u903c\u5728\u4f4d165\u5929\u4e0b\u53f0\uff08\u8a3b10\uff09\uff08\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u5be6\u696d\u754c\u300b29\uff1a11\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u653f\u6cbb\u9b25\u722d\u4e4b\u6fc0\u70c8\u3002\u4ee572\u9ad8\u9f61\u56de\u6771\u4eac\u4e16\u7530\u8c37\uff0c\u5728\u96e2\u958b\u5c45\u4f4f\u53ca\u6d3b\u8e8d\u596e\u9b2528\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u8b02\u7136\u8a60\u51fa\u77ed\u6b4c\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u52ff\u7ba1\u5225\u4eba\u516e\u8a55\u50f9\u662f\u597d\u662f\u6b79\u82e5\u5c1a\u6709\u4e00\u7d72\u4ed4\u6c23\u529b\u6211\u8457\u6b32\u70ba\u6b64\u516e\u5cf6\u4f86\u6253\u62fc\uff08\u675c\u8070\u660e\uff0c1957\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

1940\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u962a\u6bcf\u65e5\u65b0\u805e\u7de8\u300c\u5357\u65b9\u306e\u5c07\u4f86\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u5167\u6709\u7e3d\u7de8\u8f2f\u4e0b\u7530\u5c07\u7f8e\u8207\u9ad8\u6728\u4e4b\u7cbe\u5f69\u5c0d\u8a71\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u7684\u696d\u7e3e<\/h4>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\u96dc\u8a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u4e8b\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

1901\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u9f20\u75ab\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea13673\u4eba\uff0c\u300c\u5b98\u6c11\u72fc\u72fd\u300d\u3002\u5176\u6642\u5728\u4ed6\u9084\u6c92\u4f86\u53f0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c1898\u5e745\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u540d\u85dd\u5993\u82e5\u5974\u6b7b\u6389\uff0c\u9023\u53f0\u5317\u907f\u75c5\u9662\uff08\u8a3b15\uff09\u9662\u9577\u592a\u7530\u90a6\u4e94\u90ce\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u611f\u67d3\u9f20\u75ab\u6b7b\u6389\uff08\u8a3b16\uff09\uff08\u5c0f\u7530\u4fca\u90ce\uff0c1974\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u6642\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u5831\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8ffd\u60bc\u85dd\u5993\u8207\u9662\u9577\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5728\u540d\u85dd\u5993\u82e5\u5974\u611f\u67d3\u9f20\u75ab\u6b7b\u524d\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u5831\u6709\u82e5\u5974\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u9577\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e14\u5ef6\u7e8c\u81f3\u5979\u6b7b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u7d05\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u898b\u5230\u7576\u6642\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u5979\u92b7\u9b42\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u5c0d\u53f0\u5317\u907f\u75c5\u9662\u611f\u67d3\u9f20\u75ab\u56e0\u516c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u9662\u9577\u53ca\u8077\u54e1\u4e4b\u52df\u6350\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e5f\u6301\u7e8c\u5f88\u4e45\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7d71\u6cbb\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u53d7\u5230\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u62b5\u6297\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u5929\u6575\uff08\u5404\u7a2e\u98a8\u571f\u75c5\u53ca\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\uff09\u56b4\u9177\u7684\u6311\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e1896\u81f31910\u5e74\u4e4b\u9f20\u75ab\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6578\u5982\u4e0b\uff08T.Takaki\uff0c1911\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5e74<\/td>\n1896<\/td>\n1897<\/td>\n1898<\/td>\n1899<\/td>\n1900<\/td>\n1901<\/td>\n1902<\/td>\n1903<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u60a3\u8005<\/td>\n258<\/td>\n730<\/td>\n1233<\/td>\n2637<\/td>\n1079<\/td>\n4499<\/td>\n2310<\/td>\n886<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6b7b\u4ea1<\/td>\n157<\/td>\n566<\/td>\n882<\/td>\n1995<\/td>\n809<\/td>\n3673<\/td>\n1855<\/td>\n709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5e74<\/td>\n1904<\/td>\n1905<\/td>\n1906<\/td>\n1907<\/td>\n1908<\/td>\n1909<\/td>\n1910<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u60a3\u8005<\/td>\n4500<\/td>\n2398<\/td>\n3272<\/td>\n2592<\/td>\n1270<\/td>\n1026<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6b7b\u4ea1<\/td>\n3374<\/td>\n2100<\/td>\n2609<\/td>\n2241<\/td>\n1059<\/td>\n848<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\u7531\u8868\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u9f20\u75ab\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u5ba3\u5224\u6b7b\u5211\uff0880%\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u9f20\u75ab\u7684\u6050\u6016\uff0c\u64da\u7d71\u8a08\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u9ad8\u904e\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u64da\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u300b\u5f15\u897f\u5ddd\u6eff\u7684\u300c\u9ec3\u91d1\u7684\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u8ca1\u95a5\u5f8c\u5bae\u4fe1\u592a\u90ce\u592b\u4eba\uff0c\u7121\u77e5\u7684\u6349\u8457\u8001\u9f20\u5c3e\u5df4\u3002\u986f\u793a\u7576\u6642\u9023\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u90fd\u5c0d\u9f20\u75ab\u6c92\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002\u4f9d\u64da\u9db4\u898b\u7950\u8f14\u7684\u300a\u5f8c\u85e4\u65b0\u5e73\u50b3\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u9032\u884c\u6c34\u9053\uff08\u81ea\u4f86\u6c34\uff09\u53ca\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\uff08\u6c61\u6c34\u6392\u653e\uff09\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u91ab\u7642\u4f53\u7cfb\u53ca\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6d88\u6ec5\u9f20\u75ab\u3001\u50b7\u5bd2\u3001\u970d\u4e82\uff0c\u7627\u75be\u9632\u904f\u63a7\u5236\u60e1\u52a3\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u8b93\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u898b\u8b58\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6cbb\u53f0\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u8a8d\u540c\u65e5\u672c\u7d71\u6cbb\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u6642\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u6216\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u91ab\u751f\u9032\u800c\u95dc\u61f7\u793e\u6703\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u653f\u6cbb\u555f\u8499\u8005\u30021911\u5e74\u842c\u570b\u885b\u751f\u535a\u89bd\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u885b\u751f\u4e8b\u60c5\u300b\uff0c\u6b63\u8db3\u4ee5\u8aaa\u660e\u4ed6\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u4e8b\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff08T.Takaki\uff0c1911\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/strong><\/p>\n

1907\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u4e94\u5e7455\u842c\u5143\u8a2d\u7acb\u7d93\u8cbb\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u8a2d\u6709\u5316\u5b78\u90e8\u53ca\u885b\u751f\u90e8\u3002\u90e8\u4efd\u5efa\u7bc9\u7ae3\u5de5\uff0c1909\u5e744\u6708\u958b\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9996\u4efb\u6240\u9577\u7531\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u9577\u9ad8\u6728\u517c\u4efb\u3002\u521d\u671f\u91ab\u5b78\u6709\u5c71\u53e3\u88fd\u9020\u72c2\u72ac\u75c5\u9810\u9632\u5291\uff0c\u5800\u5167\u8207\u7a3b\u57a3\u767c\u8868\u8173\u6c23\u75c5\u539f\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u30021915\u5e74\u8fad\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u9577\u5c08\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

1921\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5438\u6536\u7d71\u5408\u4e86\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u7cd6\u696d\u3001\u6797\u696d\u3001\u5712\u85dd\u7b49\u5404\u8a66\u9a57\u6240\uff0c\u6539\u7a31\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4ee5\u5927\u5cf6\u91d1\u592a\u90ce\u3001\u91d1\u5e73\u4eae\u4e09\u3001\u5800\u5167\u6b21\u96c4\u3001\u52a0\u798f\u5747\u4e09\u64d4\u4efb\u90e8\u9577\uff0c\u6240\u9577\u7531\u7e3d\u52d9\u9577\u5b98\u517c\u4efb\uff0c\u7fcc\u5e74\u8a2d\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u6797\u696d\u3001\u885b\u751f\u3001\u5de5\u696d\u56db\u90e8\u9580\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5de5\u696d\u90e8\u4e0b\u8a2d\u5316\u5b78\u5de5\u696d\u79d1\u3001\u96fb\u6c23\u5316\u5b78\u79d1\u3001\u91c0\u9020\u79d1\uff0c\u8fb2\u696d\u90e8\u4e0b\u8a2d\u7a2e\u85dd\u79d1\u3001\u8fb2\u85dd\u5316\u5b78\u79d1\u3001\u7cd6\u696d\u79d1\u3001\u690d\u7269\u75c5\u7406\u79d1\u3001\u61c9\u7528\u52d5\u7269\u79d1\u3001\u755c\u7522\u79d1\u7b496\u79d1\u3002\u885b\u751f\u90e8\u57281934\u5e74\u4e4b\u7d44\u7e54\u662f\u7d30\u83cc\u5b78\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3001\u91ab\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u53ca\u7627\u75be\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u8207\u7627\u75be\u6cbb\u7642\u5be6\u9a57\u6240\u3001\u85e5\u5b78\u8207\u885b\u751f\u5316\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3001\u71b1\u5e36\u885b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u6cbb\u7642\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u75ab\u82d7\u8207\u72c2\u72ac\u4f5c\u696d\u5ba4\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u53ca\u885b\u751f\u5316\u5b78\u8a66\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u85e5\u54c1\u8a66\u9a57\u5ba4\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

1936\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u5929\u7136\u74e6\u65af\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u96b8\u5c6c\u6b96\u7522\u5c40\u30021939\u5e74\u5ee2\u6b62\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u8a2d\u7acb\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u6797\u696d\u8a66\u9a57\u6240\uff0c\u8207\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u5de5\u696d\u3001\u71b1\u5e36\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u30021937\u5e74\u81f31945\u5e74\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u6230\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u81e8\u6642\u53f0\u7063\u7d93\u6fdf\u5be9\u8b70\u6703\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u8b70\u984c\u300c\u8a66\u9a57\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u95dc\u6574\u5099\u78ba\u7acb\u300d\uff0c\u300a\u8b70\u4e8b\u901f\u8a18\u9304\u300bp21\u6709\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u9032\u6b65\u8207\u4fc3\u9032\u5de5\u696d\u632f\u8208\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u9760\u6276\u6301\u7684\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u98a8\u571f\u6c23\u5019\u53ca\u8cc7\u6e90\u7279\u7570\uff0c\u70ba\u5de5\u696d\u632f\u8208\uff0c\u4eca\u5f8c\u7576\u7368\u81ea\u947d\u7814\uff0c\u8a66\u9a57\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u95dc\u6574\u5099\u64f4\u5145\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u95dc\u76f8\u4e92\u9593\u6709\u6a5f\u7684\u9023\u7e6b\u7dca\u5bc6\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u80fd\u9069\u5207\u767c\u63ee\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u660e\u986f\u662f\u4f01\u756b\u9662\u5728\u6771\u4eac\u6240\u767c\u51fa\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u52d5\u54e1\u300d\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\uff08\u300a\u9031\u5831\u300b\u7b2c112\u865f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u540c\u5316\u6703\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u5354\u6703<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u540c\u5316\u6703\u5f8c\u88ab\u7e3d\u7763\u4ee5\u5371\u53ca\u7d71\u6cbb\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u89e3\u6563\u30021921\u5e7410\u670817\u65e5\u4e0b\u5348\u6587\u5316\u5354\u6703\u5728\u975c\u4fee\u5973\u4e2d\u53ec\u958b\u5275\u7acb\u7e3d\u6703\uff0c\u5800\u5167\u6b21\u96c4\u7b4930\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u8207\u6703\uff0c\u6642\u70ba\u53f0\u96fb\u793e\u9577\u7684\u9ad8\u6728\u61c9\u5b78\u751f\u4e4b\u6566\u8acb\u4e0a\u53f0\u767c\u8868\u8cc0\u8a5e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u56e0\u5f9e\u4e8b\u53f0\u7063\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5c0d\u9752\u5e74\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u95dc\u611b\uff0c\u9858\u4ee5\u6b64\u8212\u5fc3\u4ea4\u60c5\u544a\u4f86\u6703\u9752\u5e74\uff0c\u4e16\u4e0a\u6240\u8b02\u300e\u6703\u300f\u8005\uff0c\u751a\u96e3\u6c38\u7e8c\uff0c\u8996\u300e\u6703\u300f\u5b57\u5f62\u982d\u5927\u4e0b\u5c0f\u5c31\u6703\u660e\u767d\uff0c…..\u300d\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53ea\u8a18\u5f97\u9ad8\u6728\u662f\u6821\u9577\u3001\u885b\u751f\u5c40\u9577\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u7121\u610f\u9593\u5fd8\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u53f0\u96fb\u5341\u5e74\u5275\u696d\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u4ed6\u52c7\u65bc\u53c3\u52a0\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u4e4b\u3002\u6587\u5316\u5354\u6703\u4ee5\u53f0\u5317\u91ab\u6821\u8207\u53f0\u5317\u5e2b\u7bc4\u4eba\u7269\u70ba\u4e3b\u5e79\u3002\u6587\u5316\u5354\u6703\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u793e\u6703\u555f\u8499\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u65e5\u672c\u540d\u4eba\u53c3\u52a0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u65e9\u5c31\u88ab\u89e3\u6563\uff08\u9023\u6eab\u537f\uff0c1988\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u8207\u5800\u5167\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5433\u6d77\u6c34\u662f\u9cf3\u5c71\u958b\u696d\u91ab\u5e2b\u3001\u6587\u5316\u5354\u6703\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u7279\u9ad8\u7f85\u7e54\u70ba\u6771\u6e2f\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c1943\u5e74\u88ab\u5224\u521115\u5e74\uff0c\u5800\u5167\u6df1\u4fe1\u5b78\u751f\u662f\u51a4\u7f6a\uff0c\u6df1\u8868\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u89aa\u5230\u53f0\u5317\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u63a2\u8a2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u6211\u78ba\u4fe1\u4f60\u662f\u7121\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u5f92\u5211\u5df2\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u70ba\u570b\u670d\u7f6a\u300d\u4f86\u6fc0\u52f5\u5433\u6c0f\uff0c\u5433\u6b7b\u5728\u7344\u4e2d\uff08\u5c0f\u7530\u4fca\u90ce\uff0c1974\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u516d\uff09\u9ad8\u6728\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u5730\u4f4d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u6728\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u662f\uff1a1898\u5e74\u51fa\u5f35\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u6210\u70baWassermann\u7684\u52a9\u624b\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u7834\u50b7\u98a8\u6297\u6bd2\u7d20\uf724\u6b63\u5e38\u4e2d\u6a1e\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\uf721\u95dc\uf70f\uf741\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u8ad6\u6587\u800c\u88ab\u7a31\u70baWassermann-Takaki Phenomenon\u3002\u57281959\u5e74\u53ca1978\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u7d30\u83cc\u5b78\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\uff08W.E. van Heyningen\uff0c1959\uff1b\u897f\u7530\u5c1a\u7d00\u3001\u6cdb\u7530\u5ee3\u592b\uff0c1978\uff09\u90fd\u9084\u63d0\u51fa\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002Wassermann-Takaki Phenomenon\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u7d44\u7e54\u5177\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\uff08\u56fa\u8457\uff09\u7834\u50b7\u98a8\u6bd2\u7d20\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u7576\u7834\u50b7\u98a8\u6bd2\u7d20\u8207\u8166\u7d44\u7e54\u6df7\u5408\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u6bd2\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u82e5\u5c07\u6df7\u5408\u6db2\u904e\u6ffe\u5f8c\u518d\u6253\u5165\u53d7\u9a57\u52d5\u7269\u4f53\u5167\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6bd2\u7d20\u964d\u4f4e\u66f4\u4f4e\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u986f\u793a\u7834\u50b7\u98a8\u6bd2\u7d20\u88ab\u795e\u7d93\u7d44\u7e54\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u8166\u7d44\u7e54\u6700\u4f73\uff0c\u810a\u9ad3\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u800c\u7070\u8cea\u5340\u9ad8\u65bc\u767d\u8cea\u5340\uff08\u8a3b17\uff09\u3002\u7532\u5348\u6230\u722d\u6642\uff0c\u8ecd\u7528\u8239\u767c\u751f\u970d\u4e82\u75c5\u60a3\uff0c\u5f8c\u85e4\u5f9e\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5ef6\u8058\u9ad8\u6728\u4f3c\u5cf6\u6aa2\u75ab\u6240\u4e8b\u52d9\u5b98\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u8840\u6e05\u6cbb\u7642\u75c5\u60a3\uff0c\u970d\u4e82\u8840\u6e05\u4ed8\u8af8\u5be6\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5275\u8209\uff08\u9577\u6728\u5927\u4e09\uff0c1992\uff09\uff08\u8a3b18\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u4e16\u754c\u5275\u8209\u4e4b\u5f9e\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u5be6\u7528\u4e4b\u904e\u7a0b\u503c\u5f97\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u53f0\u706328\u5e74\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u8ca2\u737b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5f9e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6216\u300e\u81fa\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\u96dc\u8a8c\u300f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u505a\u70ba\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u885b\u751f\u4e8b\u60c5\u300b\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e26\u672a\u5beb\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u91ab\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u5b78\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6574\u500b\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u91ab\u4e8b\u885b\u751f\u6216\u91ab\u4e8b\u884c\u653f\u7b49\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5012\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u53f0\u7063\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9019\u662f\u9ad8\u6728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u696d\u9918\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4efb\u526f\u6703\u9577\uff0c\u6703\u9577\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5378\u4efb\u7e3d\u7763\u64d4\u4efb\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\u6210\u7acb\u65bc1911\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u5f8c\u85e4\u65b0\u5e73\u4efb\u6703\u957719\u5e74\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u662f\u5167\u7530\u5609\u5409\uff081929.9-1933.1\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u84572\u5e7410\u6708\u662f\u5e79\u4e8b\u5408\u8b70\u5236\uff0c\u53c8\u7531\u77f3\u585a\u82f1\u85cf\u4efb\u6703\u9577\uff081936.12-1942.7\uff09\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u7d50\u8a9e<\/h4>\n

\u9ad8\u6728\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u71b1\u611b\uff0c\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u5a01\u56b4\u8a8d\u771f\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u5f62\u5851\u4ee3\u8868\u7e3d\u7763\u7121\u4e0a\u5a01\u6b0a\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u7559\u5b78\u5fb7\u570b\u4e8c\u5e74\u53c3\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8207\u5fb7\u570b\u4e0a\u6d41\u4eba\u58eb\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u4f53\u6703\u5230\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u958b\u660e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4f46\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u78ba\u7acb\u4ee5\u53f0\u7063\u672c\u571f\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u7121\u70ba\u800c\u6cbb\u7684\u98a8\u683c\u8b93\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u9818\u57df\u624d\u6709\u5f88\u53ef\u89c0\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u53f0\u96fb\u6240\u5275\u7acb\u7bc0\u5109\u7684\u98a8\u683c\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u53f0\u96fb\u6c34\u529b\u7cfb\u7d71\u9084\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u75d5\u8de1\u3002\u5b78\u8853\u8207\u5be6\u696d\u754c\u5408\u4f5c\u59cb\u65bc\u4ed6\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u98a8\u683c\u3002\u4ed6\u5f9e\u91ab\u5b78\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u81f3\u53f0\u96fb\u7684\u884c\u696d\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u8cab\u5fb9\u5f8c\u85e4\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u900f\u904e\u6b77\u53f2\u526a\u63a5\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5ba3\u7a31\u53f0\u7063\u7d93\u9a57\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u529f\u52de\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6b77\u53f2\u5168\u8c8c\u7684\u3002\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u6230\u524d\u90e8\u4efd\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u6d3b\u52d5\u96a8\u8457\u6230\u722d\u7d50\u675f\u800c\u88ab\u6d88\u6ec5\u6216\u88ab\u8feb\u6539\u6d41\u6216\u63a9\u57cb\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u58b3\u5893\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7701\u601d\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u535a\u58eb\u5e74\u8868<\/h4>\n

1. 1858\u5e748\u67082\u65e5\u751f\u65bc\u4eca\u798f\u5cf6\u7e23\u78d0\u57ce\u5e02\u677e\u5c0f\u5c4b\u6751\u3002<\/p>\n

2. 1885\u5e745\u67086\u65e5\u6771\u4eac\u5e1d\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u90e8\u5352\u696d\uff0c\u540c\u5e7410\u670813\u65e5\u5f97\u91ab\u8853\u958b\u696d\u72c0\uff0c8\u670823\u65e5\u4efb\u798f\u4e95\u7e23\u7acb\u75c5\u9662\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

3. 1888\u5e745\u670825\u65e5\u8fad\u798f\u4e95\u75c5\u9662\u9577\uff0c6\u67089\u65e5\u4efb\u9e7f\u5152\u5cf6\u75c5\u9662\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

4. 1893\u5e748\u67085\u65e5\u8fad\u75c5\u9662\u9577\uff0c11\u67081\u65e5\u4efb\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u52a9\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n

5. 1894\u5e747\u67086\u65e5\u5949\u547d\u8d74\u9999\u6e2f\u8abf\u67e5\u9f20\u75ab\u3002<\/p>\n

6. 1895\u5e747\u670821\u65e5\u5949\u547d\u524d\u5f80\u4f3c\u5cf6\u81e8\u6642\u9678\u8ecd\u6aa2\u75ab\u6240\u4f5c\u970d\u4e82\u7814\u7a76\uff0c9\u670816\u65e5\u4efb\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u7a76\u6240\u6cbb\u7642\u90e8\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

7. 1896\u5e744\u67088\u65e5\u4efb\u5167\u52d9\u6280\u5e2b\uff0c6\u670830\u65e5\u4efb\u8840\u6e05\u85e5\u9662\u9577\u517c\u5167\u52d9\u6280\u5e2b\uff0c9\u670818\u65e5\u4efb\u4e2d\u592e\u885b\u751f\u6703\u59d4\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n

8. 1897\u5e745\u670817\u65e5\u53bb\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4ee3\u8868\u65e5\u672c\u53c3\u52a0\u7b2c12\u56de\u842c\u570b\u91ab\u4e8b\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u53c3\u52a0\u67cf\u6797\u842c\u570b\u7669\uff08\u75f2\u760b\uff09\u75c5\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u6703\u5f8c\u5728\u6b50\u5dde\u8003\u67e5\u885b\u751f\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u51fa\u5f35\u5fb7\u570b\u4e8c\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

9. 1899\u5e745\u6708\u8d74\u67cf\u6797\u53c3\u52a0\u842c\u570b\u7d50\u6838\u75c5\u9810\u9632\u64b2\u6ec5\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u8d74\u5df4\u897f\u53c3\u52a0\u6709\u95dc\u82b1\u67f3\u75c5\u9810\u9632\u842c\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n

10. 1900\u5e745\u670813\u65e5\u547d\u70ba\u91ab\u8853\u958b\u696d\u8a66\u9a57\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u540c25\u65e5\u517c\u885b\u751f\u5c40\u9632\u75ab\u8ab2\u9577\uff0c\u517c\u81e8\u6642\u6aa2\u75ab\u5c40\u6280\u5e2b\uff0c10\u670826\u65e5\u81e8\u6642\u6aa2\u75ab\u5c40\u6280\u5e2b\u5ee2\u9664\uff0c\u517c\u81e8\u6642\u6aa2\u75ab\u4e8b\u52d9\u5b98\u3002<\/p>\n

11. 1901\u5e743\u670825\u65e5\u9632\u75ab\u8ab2\u9577\u89e3\u4efb\uff0c7\u670825\u65e5\u514d\u81e8\u6642\u9f20\u75ab\u9810\u9632\u4e8b\u52d9\u5c40\u9867\u554f\u3002<\/p>\n

12. 1902\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u91ab\u9662\u91ab\u9577\u517c\u91ab\u9662\u9577\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u6280\u5e2b\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u9577\uff0c\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b98\u56db\u7b49\u6558\u4e00\u7d1a\u4ff8\uff0c4\u670822\u65e5\u53f0\u5317\u91ab\u9662\u9577\u53ca\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u8b66\u5bdf\u672c \u7f72\u52e4\u52d9\uff0c5\u67082\u65e5\u7d05\u5341\u5b57\u793e\u53f0\u7063\u652f\u90e8\u526f\u9577\u5c6c\u8a17\uff0c8\u67086\u65e5\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u65b9\u75c5\u53ca\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u59d4\u54e1\uff0c\u540c16\u65e5\u53f0\u5317\u57fa\u9686\u5e02\u5340\u8a08\u756b\u59d4\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n

13. 1903\u5e7410\u670810\u65e5\u81e8\u6642\u9632\u75ab\u59d4\u54e1\u81e8\u6642\u9632\u75ab\u8ab2\u9577\uff0c\u81e8\u6642\u9632\u75ab\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5e79\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

14. 1904\u5e746\u670829\u65e5\u4efb\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u8b66\u5bdf\u672c\u7f72\u885b\u751f\u8ab2\u9577\uff0c\u517c\u81e8\u6642\u9632\u75ab\u8ab2\u9577\uff0c7\u6708\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u65b9\u75c5\u53ca\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u5e79\u4e8b\u53ca\u53f0\u7063\u4e2d\u592e\u885b\u751f\u6703\u5e79\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

15. 1905\u5e742\u670820\u65e5\u7d05\u5341\u5b57\u793e\u53f0\u7063\u652f\u90e8\u91ab\u9662\u9577\u5c6c\u8a17\uff0c4\u6708\u53f0\u5317\u91ab\u9662\u9577\u89e3\u4efb\uff0c7\u670810\u65e5\u6236\u53e3\u8abf\u67e5\u8a55\u8b70\u54e1\uff0c12\u670825\u65e5\u6649\u5347\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b98\u4e8c\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

16. 1906\u5e744\u67081\u65e5\u56e0\u65e5\u4fc4\u6230\u529f\u5f97\u8cdc\u52f3\u745e\u5bf6\u7ae0\u53ca\u91d1\u4e94\u767e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n

17. 1908\u5e748\u670811\u65e5\u8d74\u6e05\u570b\u4e0a\u6d77\u53c3\u52a0\u6771\u6d0b\u963f\u7247\u8cbf\u6613\u53ca\u5438\u98df\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n

18. 1909\u5e742\u670823\u65e5\u8996\u5bdf\u6b50\u7f8e\u5404\u570b\uff0c4\u67081\u65e5\u5275\u8a2d\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u517c\u6240\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

19. 1911\u5e742\u670818\u65e5\u53bb\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7Dresden\u842c\u570b\u885b\u751f\u535a\u89bd\u6703\u767c\u8868\u904e\u53bb\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u4e8b\u885b\u751f\u6539\u5584\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4e26\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u672c\u5fb7\u6587\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

20. 1913\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5\u6587\u90e8\u7701\u6388\u8207\u91ab\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n

21. 1915\u5e748\u67081\u65e5\u53f0\u7063\u52f8\u696d\u5171\u9032\u6703\u8a55\u8b70\u54e1\u53ca\u5be9\u67e5\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

22. 1916\u5e744\u6708\u5357\u6d0b\u8996\u5bdf\u5718\u7684\u5e79\u90e8\uff0c\u7d93\u82f1\u9818\u5a46\u7f85\u5dde\u3001Serebesu\u3001\u661f\u5609\u6ce2\u3001\u6bd4\u5f8b\u8cd3\u4e8c\u500b\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n

23. 1918\u5e743\u6708\u53bb\u4e2d\u570b\u798f\u5dde\u5ec8\u9580\u53ca\u5ee3\u6771\u6307\u5c0e\u535a\u611b\u6703\u4e8b\u696d\uff0c7\u670826\u65e5\u6558\u52f3\u4e8c\u7b49\u6388\u5bf6\u745e\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

24. 1919\u5e745\u6708\u5f9e\u6587\u5b98\u4f11\u8077\uff0c7\u670831\u65e5\u4efb\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e\u521d\u4ee3\u793e\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

25. 1920\u5e746\u670812\u65e5\u56e0\u591a\u5e74\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u5f9e\u4e8b\u9f20\u75ab\u9632\u904f\u5de5\u4f5c\u6388\u65ed\u65e5\u91cd\u5149\u7ae0\uff0c11\u670810\u65e5\u5f9e\u4e09\u4f4d\u6558\u3002<\/p>\n

26. 1921\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u8a55\u8b70\u59d4\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n

27. 1922\u5e747\u670818\u65e5\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u53f2\u6599\u7de8\u7be1\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8a55\u8b70\u54e1\u3002<\/p>\n

28. 1924\u5e747\u670831\u65e5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u6703\u793e\u793e\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

29. 1927\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\u5230\u6b50\u7f8e\u5404\u570b\u51fa\u5f35\u3002<\/p>\n

30. 1928\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5\u591a\u5e74\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u6b96\u7522\u76e1\u529b\u6388\u9280\u676f\u3002<\/p>\n

31. 1929\u5e747\u67089\u65e5\u514d\u793e\u9577\u8077\uff0c\u56de\u6771\u4eac\u4e16\u7530\u8c37\u5317\u6fa4\u65b0\u7bc9\u5bb6\u79fb\u4f4f\u3002<\/p>\n

32. \u53f0\u7063\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\u526f\u6703\u9577<\/p>\n

33. 1943\u5e7412\u670823\u65e5\u4ed6\u754c\u5f80\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

34. 1947\u5e743\u670823\u65e5\u9ad8\u6728\u592b\u4eba\u4ed6\u754c\u5f80\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6cbf\u9769<\/h4>\n

1. 1896\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u88fd\u85e5\u6240\u5b98\u5236\uff0c5\u670828\u65e5\u88fd\u85e5\u6240\u4e0b\u8a2d\u6aa2\u67e5\u8ab2\uff0c\u5c0d\u963f\u7247\u539f\u6599\u88fd\u54c1\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u98f2\u98df\u7269\u6aa2\u67e5\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u662f\u7269\u54c1\u8a66\u9a57\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u4e4b\u8d77\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

2. 1897\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\u5728\u88fd\u85e5\u6240\u5167\u5728\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u885b\u751f\u8ab2\u76e3\u7763\u4e0b\u8a2d\u885b\u751f\u8a66\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u8fa6\u7406\u7d30\u83cc\u6aa2\u67e5\u696d\u52d9\uff0c\u6b78\u6aa2\u67e5\u8ab2\u6240\u5c6c\u3002<\/p>\n

3. 1898\u5e745\u670827\u65e5\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u6b96\u7522\u8ab2\u6240\u65bd\u884c\u7926\u690d\u7269\u8a66\u9a57\u6b78\u88fd\u85e5\u6240\u6aa2\u67e5\u8ab2\u8fa6\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

4. 1900\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\u5be6\u65bd\u53f0\u7063\u85e5\u54c1\u7ba1\u7406\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u91ab\u85e5\u7528\u85e5\u54c1\u8a66\u9a57\u6b78\u88fd\u85e5\u6240\u6aa2\u67e5\u8ab2\u8fa6\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

5. 1901\u5e745\u670823\u65e5\u5be6\u65bd\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u5c08\u8ce3\u5c40\u5b98\u5236\uff0c\u88fd\u85e5\u6240\u5ee2\u6b62\uff0c\u540c\u6240\u696d\u52d9\u8a2d\u5099\u5efa\u7269\u79fb\u5c08\u8ce3\u5c40\u6aa2\u5b9a\u8ab2\uff0c\u589e\u6a1f\u8166\u98df\u9e7d\u539f\u6599\u88fd\u54c1\u8a66\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n

6. 1901\u5e7412\u670824\u65e5\u8a2d\u53f0\u5357\u51fa\u5f35\u6240\uff0c\u57f7\u884c\u85e5\u54c1\u8a66\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n

7. 1902\u5e745\u670829\u65e5\u70ba\u9f20\u75ab\u9810\u9632\uff0c\u6aa2\u5b9a\u8ab2\u505a\u9f20\u65cf\u7d30\u83cc\u6aa2\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

8. 1905\u5e7411\u670828\u65e5\u6aa2\u5b9a\u8ab2\u5167\u963f\u7247\u6a1f\u8166\u8a66\u9a57\u696d\u7269\u79fb\u88fd\u9020\u8ab2\u8fa6\uff0c\u6aa2\u5b9a\u8ab2\u5c08\u8fa6\u885b\u751f\u6b96\u7522\u53ca\u7d30\u83cc\u6709\u95dc\u696d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n

9. 1906\u5e74\u5e1d\u570b\u6703\u8b70\u901a\u904e07\u5e74\u5ea6\u8d77\u4e94\u5e74\u7e7c\u7e8c\u65b0\u71df\u8cbb55\u842c\u5713\u652f\u51fa\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5275\u7acb\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

10. 1909\u5e743\u670827\u65e5\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5b98\u5236\u516c\u5e03\uff0c4\u67081\u65e5\u5728\u6771\u9580\u65b0\u7bc9\u5ef3\u820d\u958b\u5ef3\uff0c\u8fa6\u7406\u6709\u95dc\u5316\u5b78\u885b\u751f\u5b78\u8a66\u9a57\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u52d9\u3002\u5c08\u8ce3\u5c40\u6aa2\u5b9a\u8ab2\u5ee2\u6b62\uff0c\u9f20\u65cf\u6aa2\u67e5\u6b78\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u8b66\u5bdf\u672c\u7f72 \u9632\u75ab\u8ab2\u3002\u9019\u662f\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u7522\u696d\u53ca\u885b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u8abf\u67e5\u800c\u8a2d\u7684\u300e\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u300f\u3002\u672c\u5e74\u90e8\u4efd\u5efa\u7bc9\u7ae3\u5de5\uff0c\u5275\u7acb\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002\u540c\u6642\u5728\u53f0\u5357\u5e02\u8a2d\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5206\u5ba4\u8fa6\u7406\u85e5\u54c1\u8a66\u9a57\u696d\u52d9\u30024 \u670828\u65e5\u5316\u5b78\u90e8\u885b\u751f\u5b78\u90e8\u5206\u8ab2\u53ca\u5c08\u5c6c\u696d\u52d9\u898f\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

11. 1910\u5e746\u6708\u8fb2\u4e8b\u8a66\u9a57\u5834\u4f9d\u8cf4\u672c\u6240\u8a66\u9a57\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u571f\u8cea\u8abf\u67e5\u696d\u52d9\u7531\u672c\u6240\u8fa6\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

12\u6708\u589e\u8fb2\u85dd\u5316\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u52d9\uff0c12\u670828\u65e5\u5206\u6790\u8a66\u9a57\u9451\u5b9a\u7533\u8acb\u898f\u5247\u4fee\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

12. 1911\u5e74\u589e\u91c0\u9020\u6709\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n

13. 1910\u5e746\u6708\u8ca1\u52d9\u5c40\u7a05\u52d9\u8ab2\u59d4\u8a17\u672c\u6240\u8fa6\u7406\u5176\u8a66\u9a57\u696d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n

14. 1910\u5e747\u670822\u65e5\u5206\u6790\u8a66\u9a57\u9451\u5b9a\u7533\u8acb\u8a66\u9a57\u6599\u91d1\u898f\u5247\u4fee\u5b9a\u30028\u6708\u958b\u59cb\u539f\u751f\u52d5\u7269\u6709\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

15. 1916\u5e7412\u6708\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8a2d\u5316\u5b78\u90e8\u3001\u885b\u751f\u5b78\u90e8\u3001\u91c0\u9020\u5b78\u90e8\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u5b78\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n

16. 1918\u5e744\u6708\u6210\u7acb\u9644\u5c6c\u6aa2\u7cd6\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

17. 1919\u5e743\u6708\u7531\u5800\u5167\u6b21\u96c4\u7e7c\u4efb\u9ad8\u6728\u6240\u9577\u8077\u3002<\/p>\n

18. 1921\u5e749\u6708\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u65b0\u5b98\u5236\uff0c\u8a2d\u8fb2\u696d\u90e8\u3001\u5de5\u696d\u90e8\u3001\u6797\u696d\u90e8\u3001\u885b\u751f\u90e8\u3002\u7531\u7e3d\u52d9\u9577\u5b98\u8cc0\u4f86\u4f50\u8cc0\u592a\u90ce\u517c\u6240\u9577\uff0c\u4f46\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u8077\u54e1\u9304\u520a\u767b\u7531\u5800\u5167\u6b21\u96c4\u517c\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

19. 1936\u5e742\u6708\u5275\u8a2d\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u5929\u7136\u74e6\u65af\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u9644\u5c6c\u6b96\u7522\u5c40\uff0c\u6240\u9577\u7531\u5c40\u9577\u517c\u3002<\/p>\n

20. 1939\u5e744\u6708\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5ee2\u6b62\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u8fb2\u696d\u3001\u6797\u696d\u8a66\u9a57\u6240\uff0c\u5de5\u696d\u3001\u71b1\u5e36\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

21. 191946\u5e74\u7531\u53f0\u7063\u5de5\u696d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u5929\u7136\u74e6\u65af\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7531\u77f3\u6cb9\u516c\u53f8\u63a5\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/h4>\n

1. \u85e4\u5d0e\u6fdf\u4e4b\u52a9 \u81fa\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e\u6cbf\u9769\u53f2 (\u624b\u5beb\u672c) 37\u5e743\u670813\u65e5 1300\u9801<\/p>\n

2. \u81fa\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e \u65e5\u6708\u6f6d\u6c34\u529b\u96fb\u6c23\u5de5\u4e8b\u8a8c \u81fa\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e(\u6253\u5b57\u672c) 672\u9801<\/p>\n

3. \u5411\u5c71\u5bec\u592b\u7de8 \u5800\u898b\u672b\u5b50\u571f\u6728\u6280\u5e2b\u2014\u81fa\u7063\u571f\u6728\u306e\u529f\u52de\u8005 \u5800\u898b\u672b\u5b50\u8457 90\u5e747\u670831\u65e5<\/p>\n

4. \u9023\u6eab\u537f \u81fa\u7063\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u52d5\u53f2 \u7a3b\u9109\u51fa\u7248\u793e 88 374p.<\/p>\n

5. \u5c0f\u7530\u4fca\u90ce \u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u4e94\u5341\u5e74 \u91ab\u5b78\u66f8\u9662\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e 74 158p.<\/p>\n

6. \u81fa\u7063\u5be6\u696d\u754c \u81fa\u7063\u5be6\u696d\u754c (\u6708\u520a)<\/p>\n

6.1 \u5371\u96aa\u3058\u3084\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\u30fc\u30fc\u9060\u85e4\u96fb\u529b\u306e\u9996\u300029.11.p38.<\/p>\n

6.2 \u5fa1\u7528\u6703\u793e\u4ea1\u570b\u8ad6 30.10 p2~3.<\/p>\n

6.3 \u65e5\u6708\u6f6d \u2014 \u9060\u85e4\u793e\u9577\u306f\u8fad\u4efb\u3057\u306a\u3044 30.12 p41.<\/p>\n

6.4 \u6703\u793e\u8a3a\u65b7\u2014\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b 30.12. p49~50.<\/p>\n

7. \u675c\u8070\u660e \u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u5148\u751f\u8ffd\u61b6\u8a8c \u520a\u884c\u6703 71p. 57.6.8. \u53f0\u7063\u6642\u5831(\u6708\u5831)<\/p>\n

8.1 \u9ad8\u6728\u6280\u5e2b\u8ac7\u7247 33\u865f.<\/p>\n

8.2 \u540c\u5316\u6703\u767c\u6703\u5f0f 64\u865f 15.1.<\/p>\n

8.3 \u5b98\u5834\u5341\u6709\u516b\u5e74\u306e\u56de\u9867(\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d) \uff08\u4e0a\u4e2d\u4e0b\uff09 20.1-20.3.<\/p>\n

8.4 \u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u4e8b\u696d 19.10. p118~120.<\/p>\n

8.5 \u65e5\u6708\u6f6d\u6c34\u529b\u767c\u96fb\u3068\u4e0b\u6751\u524d\u9577\u5b98(\u9ad8\u6728\u6280\u5e2b\u8ac7) 21.8. p19.<\/p>\n

8.6 \u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u95dc\u306e\u7d71\u4e00 21.9. p1.<\/p>\n

8.7 \u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u65b0\u5b98\u5236\u306b\u5c31\u3044 21.9. p2.<\/p>\n

8.8 \u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u306e\u8a2d\u7f6e 21.9. p2.<\/p>\n

9. \u9ec3\u662d\u5802 \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c \u81ea\u7531\u6642\u4ee3\u51fa\u7248\u793e 89.5. 293p.<\/p>\n

10. \u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d \u201c\u885b\u751f\u3068\u5de5\u696d\u306b\u529b\u3092\u9808\u3072\u3088\u201c p232~23511. \u5be6\u696d\u4e4b\u53f0\u7063<\/p>\n

11.1 \u9ad8\u6728\u541b\u304c\u5b78\u4f4d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8ad6\u3059\u3000(\u6728\u6751\u5321) 14.2. no.52.<\/p>\n

11.2 \u793e\u6703\uf725\u65af\u9ebc\u4eba\uf748\u6c42\uf737\uf71c\u5c45\uf741(\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d) \u7b2c12\u5377\u7b2c9\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.3 \u5e74\u82e5\u306e\u6703\u793e\u5546\u5e97\u54e1\u3092\u6212\u3080\u3000 (\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d) \u7b2c12\u5377\u7b2c10\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.4 \u9ad8\u6728\u535a\u58eb\u306e\u9752\u5e74\u8a13\u3092\u8b80\u307f\u3066 \u7b2c12\u5377\u7b2c11\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.5 \u65e5\u6708\u6f6d\u3068\u5927\u7532\u6eaa \u7b2c12\u5377\u7b2c12\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.6 \u79c1\u306e\u98db\u8e8d\u306f\u8fad\u8868\u3092\u61f7\u4e2d\u3059\u308b\u306b\u5728\u3089\uf740 (\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d) \u7b2c13\u5377\u7b2c1\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.7 \u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u6c23\u8208\u696d\u6210\u7b97\u3042\u3089\u3084\uf73a \u7b2c13\u5377\u7b2c3\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.8 \u793e\u6703\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u5be6\u6548(\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d ) \u7b2c13\u5377\u7b2c9\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.9 \u5efa\u8a2d\u76ee\u8ad6\u3092\u8aa4\u308c\u308b\u96fb\u6c23\u8208\u696d \u7b2c14\u5377\u7b2c4\u865f.<\/p>\n

11.10 \u7522\u696d\u3068\u885b\u751f(\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d ) \u7b2c17\u5377\u7b2c6\u865f 25.6.<\/p>\n

12. \u6a4b\u672c\u767d\u6c34 \u53f0\u7063\u306e\u4e8b\u696d\u754c\u3068\u4eba\u7269 \u5357\u570b\u51fa\u7248\u5354\u6703 28.7.8.<\/p>\n

13. \u7d00\u5ff5\u6703 \u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u5c08\u9580\u5b78\u6821\u5275\u7acb\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u5468\u5e74<\/p>\n

14. \u53f0\u7063\u5354\u6703\u5831<\/p>\n

14.1 \u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u535a\u58eb\u5b9b\u306e\u66f8\u7c21\u3092\u898b\u3066(\u4e00)~(\u4e94)(\u5c0f\u7530\u4fca\u90ce) 73.3.~11.<\/p>\n

15. \u53f0\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u5831<\/p>\n

15.1 \u9f20\u75ab 89.5.15~6.2.<\/p>\n

15.2 \u9ad8\u6728\u793e\u9577\u6328\u62f6 22.2.28.<\/p>\n

16. \u6c38\u5ca1\u82b3\u8f14 \u89aa\u611b\u306a\u308b\u53f0\u7063 \u53f0\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u5831 27.8.7. 460P. (\u5167\u6709\u65e5\u6708\u6f6d\u518d\u8208, \u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d)<\/p>\n

17. \u7530\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e8c \u53f0\u7063\u306e\u65b0\u4eba\u820a\u4eba \u53f0\u7063\u901a\u4fe1\u793e 28.7.1. 771P. (\u529f\u6210\u3089\u540d\u9042\u3052\u305f\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d)<\/p>\n

18. \u694a\u78a7\u5ddd \u5f8c\u85e4\u65b0\u5e73\u50b3 94<\/p>\n

19. \u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u793e\u53cb\u6703 \u6703\u5831 \u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u793e\u53cb\u6703 (no.1~no.102)<\/p>\n

19.1 \u696d\u52d9\u5831\u544a,\u6731\u6c5f\u6dee,\u60bc\u5c71\u672c\u683c,\u6b77\u4ee3\u793e\u9577,\u793e\u53cb\u901a\u4fe1,\u96a8\u7b46 74.11<\/p>\n

20. \u675c\u8070\u660e \u56de\u61b6\u9304 \u675c\u8070\u660e\u535a\u58eb\u734e\u5b78\u91d1\u7ba1\u7406\u59d4\u54e1\u6703 73.8<\/p>\n

21. \u675c\u8070\u660e \u675c\u8070\u660e\u8a00\u8ad6\u96c6(\u4e00)(\u4e8c)(\u4e09) \u675c\u8070\u660e\u535a\u58eb\u734e\u5b78\u91d1\u7ba1\u7406\u59d4\u54e1\u6703 53. 62. 72<\/p>\n

22. \u5c3e\u3064\u3058\u570b\u5409 \u201c\u9285\u50cf\u7269\u8a9e\u308a \u201d \u53f0\u7063\u5efa\u7bc9\u6703\u8a8c \u7b2c\u4e5d\u8f2f\u7b2c\u4e00\u865f<\/p>\n

23. \u9577\u6728\u5927\u4e09 \u5317\u91cc\u67f4\u4e09\u90ce\u3068\u305d\u306e\u4e00\u9580 \u6176\u61c9\u901a\u4fe1 92\u589e\u88dc.<\/p>\n

24. W.E.van Heyningen \u201cThe Fixation of Tetanus Toxin by Nervous Tissue. \u201d J.gen.Microbiol.20, 59, p291~300.<\/p>\n

25. \u897f\u7530\u5c1a\u7d00,\u6cdb\u7530\u5ee3\u592b \u65e5\u672c\u7d30\u83cc\u5b78\u6703\u306e\u4e94\u5341\u5e74 p427. 78<\/p>\n

26. T.Takaki Die hygienischen Verhaltnisse der Insel \u3000FORMOSA Dresden 11 232p.<\/p>\n

27. \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e00\u89bd 39p. 16.2.<\/p>\n

28. \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4f8b\u898f 281p. 34.11.<\/p>\n

29. \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6982\u8981 106p. 35.9.<\/p>\n

30. \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c \u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6897\u6982 56p. 37.12.<\/p>\n

31. \u592a\u7530\u80a5\u6d32 \u65b0\u81fa\u7063\u3092\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u7269\u3068\u7522\u696d\u53f2 \u53f0\u7063\u8a55\u8ad6\u793e 668p. 40.1.<\/p>\n

32. \u6797\u70b3\u708e \u53f0\u7063\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u958b\u7aef\uff0d\uff0d\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e\u767c\u5c55\u53f2 1997.3<\/p>\n

\u8a3b\u91cb\uff1a<\/h4>\n

\u8a3b1\uff1a\u7531\u65bc\u9ec3\u571f\u6c34\u5f8c\u4f86\u5b9a\u5c45\u65e5\u672c\u4e26\u6b7b\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u80f8\u50cf\u662f\u9ad8\u6728\u56de\u65e5\u4e4b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6b64\u80f8\u50cf\u66fe\u5728\u53f0\u5317\u5c55\u51fa\u3002\u677f\u5bfa\u5148\u751f\u5e0c\u671b\u81fa\u7063\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u80fd\u5c0d\u6b64\u85dd\u8853\u54c1\u4e88\u4ee5\u91cd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b2\uff1a\u675c\u8070\u660e\u5728\u5176\u300a\u56de\u61b6\u9304\u300b\u8b02\u300c\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u5148\u751f\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u540d\u6821\u9577\uff0c\u5be6\u53ef\u7a31\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u885b\u751f\u4e4b\u7236\u4e5f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8a3b3\uff1a\u6797\u5b89\u7e41\u4e5f\u662f\u5b87\u6cbb\u96fb\u793e\u9577\uff0c\u5b87\u6cbb\u96fb\u7684\u5206\u8eab\u5c71\u967d\u96fb\u943565\u5e74\u53f2\u4e2d\u6797\u7684\u7565\u6b77\u7121\u5728\u53f0\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b4\uff1a\u9752\u6f6e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e4b\u65e5\u672c\u8ca1\u754c\u4eba\u7269\u5217\u50b3\u4e2d\u589e\u7530\u6b21\u90ce\u53ea\u8ff0\u524d\u5169\u6b21\u4f86\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b5\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\u9ad8\u6728\u4e5f\u88ab\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u754c\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b6\uff1a\u7531\u53f0\u7063\u8fd4\u65e5\u4e4b\u8ecd\u968a\u67d3\u970d\u4e82\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b7\uff1a\u5728\u5f8c\u85e4\u65b0\u5e73\u6587\u66f8\u76ee\u9304\u4e2d\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b8\uff1a\u6b64\u66f8\u8fd1\u7531\u5728Pittsburgh\u5927\u5b78\u653b\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u7684\u5289\u58eb\u6c38\u8a73\u8b80\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7528\u6b64\u66f8\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b9\uff1a\u6709 \u95dc\u9ad8\u6728\u96e2\u8077\u4e8b\uff0c\u67e5\u95b1\u53f0\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u58311929\u5e747\u67082\u65e5\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u300c\u4eca\u65e5\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u5408\u4f75\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u6c23\u8208\u696d\uff0c\u672c\u793e\u5728\u5b9c\u862d\u71df\u696d\uff0c….\u4e03\u6708\u4efb\u671f\u6eff\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u53e4\u7a00\u4e4b\u9f61\u5f15\u9000\uff0c \u975c\u5ea6\u9918\u751f\u300d\u7576\u6642\u6c11\u653f\u9ee8\u6b63\u7d44\u95a3\uff0c\u653f\u58c7\u4e00\u7247\u642c\u98a8\u3002\u9ad8\u6728\u5728\u6b61\u9001\u5ddd\u6751\u7e3d\u7763\u5100\u5f0f\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u672a\u518d\u6709\u65b0\u805e\u5831\u5c0e\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u65e5\u65e5\u65b0\u5831\u5f9e7\u670826\u65e5\u81f38\u67087\u65e5\u517111\u65e5\u4f5c\u9ad8\u6728\u56de\u9867\u5c08\u984c\uff0c \u60f3\u4f86\u4ed6\u5927\u6168\u5df2\u56de\u65e5\u4e86\u3002\u770b\u4f86\u300c\u514d\u8077\u300d\u53ea\u56e0\u653f\u6b0a\u4e4b\u9ee8\u6d3e\u66f4\u66ff\u4e0b\u4e4b\u81ea\u7136\u5f8c\u679c\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u975e\u95dc\u64cd\u5b88\u6216\u7d93\u71df\u7e3e\u6548\uff0c\u4e14\u9ad8\u6728\u5df2\u9ad8\u9f6172\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u8fad\u8077\u9858\uff0c\u300c\u4f9d\u9858\u514d\u793e\u9577\u8077\u300d\u8b93\u8077\u4f4d\u7a7a \u51fa\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f8c\u7e7c\u7e3d\u7763\u5b89\u6392\u4eba\u4e8b\u3002\u8a73\u62d9\u8457\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u958b\u7aef–\u53f0\u7063\u96fb\u529b\u682a\u5f0f\u6703\u793e\u767c\u5c55\u53f2\u300bp240\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b10\uff1a\u77f3\u585a\u7e3d\u7763\u6697\u4e2d\u5506\u4f7f\u8b66\u52d9\u7576\u5c40\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5351\u52a3\u624b\u6bb5\u5f37\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u5bb6\u5b85\u3002\u8a731929\u5e7411\u6708\u300a\u81fa\u7063\u5be6\u696d\u754c\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b11\uff1a\u7576\u53f0\u7063\u4ff1\u6a02\u90e8\u526f\u6703\u9577\uff0c\u8a73\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u6642\u5831\u300b1942\u5e749\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b12\uff1a\u675c\u8070\u660e\u535a\u58eb\u6587\u7269\u9928\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b13\uff1a\u670d\u90e8\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u4eac\u90fd\u5927\u5b78\u5316\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u662f\u53f0\u7063cement & concrete \u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u5c71\u7956\u5e2b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b14\uff1a\u6709\u95dc\u571f\u4eba\u91ab\u58eb\u990a\u6210\u6240\u904b\u4f5c\u60c5\u6cc1\u8acb\u8a73\u300a\u5f8c\u85e4\u65b0\u5e73\u6587\u66f8\u300bR32\u516b\u4e00\u300c\u53f0\u5317\u75c5\u9662\u5167\u571f\u4eba\u91ab\u58eb\u990a\u6210\uf724\u666f\u6cc1\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b15\uff1a\u9694\u96e2\u75c5\u9662\uff0c\u8655\u7406\u9f20\u75ab\u60a3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b16\uff1a\u300e\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u300f\u5167\u8aa4\u70ba12\u6708\u53ca\u592a\u7530\u570b\u592a\u90ce\uff0c\u61c9\u4ee5\u65e5\u5831\u70ba\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b17\uff1aWassermann-Takaki Phenomenon \u5176\u5728\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8acb\u8a73\u5b54\u6069\u8457\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u300d\uff0834\uff09p323.\u5b54\u6069\u5f15\u7528Ludwik Fleck\u7684\u300aGenesis and Development of a Scientific Fact\u300b\u66f8\u5167\u4e26\u672a\u6709\u9ad8\u6728\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u7d93\u67e5\u6709\u95dc\u6587\u737b\u53ea\u6709\u300a\u8ffd\u61b6\u8a8c\u300b\u5167\u677f\u5bfa\u53ca\u5927\u6728\u9577\u4e09\u4f9d\u6b64\u800c\u5beb\u6587\u7ae0\u8868\u793a\u9ad8\u6728\u8207 Wassermann\u5408\u5beb\u8ad6\u6587\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u6885\u6bd2\u6297\u6bd2\u7d20\u8840\u6e05\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7686\u8868\u793a\u9ad8\u6728\u8207 Wassermann\u5408\u5beb\u8ad6\u6587\u662f\u6709\u95dc\u7834\u50b7\u98a8\u6297\u6bd2\u7d20\uff0c\u9ad8\u6728\u66fe\u4ee3\u8868\u65e5\u672c\u53c3\u52a0\u570b\u969b\u6027\u75c5\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u7f3a\u6709\u95dc\u6885\u6bd2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3002\uff08\u675c\u8070\u660e\uff0c1957\uff09\uff08W.E. van Heyningen\uff0c1959\uff09\uff08\u897f\u7530\u5c1a\u7d00\u3001\u6cdb\u7530\u5ee3\u592b\uff0c1978\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a3b18\uff1a\u677f\u5bfa\u4e00\u592a\u90ce\u66fe\u8209\u8b49\u984d\u5fb7\u570b\u540d\u5b78\u8005Paul Ehrlich\u7684\u4f86\u4fe1\uff0c\u8b02\u9ad8\u6728\u5c0d\u6885\u6bd2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e26\u672a\u767c\u73fe\u9ad8\u6728\u9019\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u6211\u66fe\u7ffb\u95b1\u65e5\u6587\u6885\u6bd2\u53f2\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u767c\u73fe\u9ad8\u6728\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u5f9e\u4e8b\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u53f2\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u80fd\u4e0b\u4e00\u756a\u5de5\u592b\uff0c\u5c0d\u6b64\u516c\u6848\u4f5c\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u5224\u8b80\uff0c\u66ff\u6211\u5011\u89e3\u8b0e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u6309\uff1a\u539f\u6587\u7db2\u5740\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.lib.ntu.edu.tw\/spe\/taiwan\/academia\/n<\/a> […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,13,8,1,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7","category-13","category-8","category-1","category-6"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}