{"id":1949,"date":"2009-10-16T07:37:39","date_gmt":"2009-10-15T23:37:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/?p=1949"},"modified":"2009-10-23T16:56:01","modified_gmt":"2009-10-23T08:56:01","slug":"%e5%a4%a7%e6%95%b8%e5%ad%b8%e5%ae%b6%e9%ab%98%e6%96%af-johann-carl-friedrich-gauss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/?p=1949","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u9ad8\u65af    Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/gauss.jpg\" title=\"gauss.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/gauss.jpg\" alt=\"gauss.jpg\" \/><\/a><br \/>\npainted by Christian Albrecht Jensen<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->\u9ad8\u65af\uff08Johann Carl Friedrich Gau\u00df\uff0c 1777\u5e744\u670830\u65e5~1855\u5e742\u670823\u65e5\uff09\u662f\u5fb7\u570b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u751f\u65bc\u5e03\u502b\u8332\u7dad\u514b\uff0c\u5352\u65bc\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u3002\u9ad8\u65af\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6578\u5b78\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7\uff08Archimedes\uff09\u3001\u725b\u9813\uff08Newton\uff09\u3001\u5c24\u62c9\uff08Euler\uff09\u4e26\u5217\u3002\u4ed6\u88ab\u516c\u8a8d\u70ba\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u591a\u7522\u548c\u5f71\u97ff\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u300c\u6578\u5b78\u738b\u5b50\u300d\u4e4b\u7a31\u3002\u300c\u6578\u5b78\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5973\u738b\u300d\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u5982\u6b64\u8aaa\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4e5f\u662f\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8b49\u660e\u3002\u9ad8\u65af\u5c0d\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\u90fd\u6709\u6fc3\u539a\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6578\u8ad6\u3001\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u78c1\u5b78\u3001\u61c9\u7528\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78 \u00b7 \u7b49\u90fd\u6709\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/gauss_banknote.jpg\" alt=\"gauss_banknote.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u65af\u751f\u65bc1777\u5e744\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u5e03\u502b\u8332\u7dad\u514b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u66fe\u7576\u904e\u5712\u4e01\u3001\u904b\u6cb3\u770b\u5b88\u4eba\u3001\u6ce5\u6c34\u5320\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u89aa\u662f\u77f3\u5320\u7684\u5973\u5152\uff0c\u662f\u500b\u6709\u5805\u5f37\u500b\u6027\u7684\u8070\u660e\u5a66\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\u5c0d\u9ad8\u65af\u5f71\u97ff\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e38\u5e38\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e26\u589e\u5f37\u4ed6\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u6a5f\u667a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u65af\u9084\u4e0d\u6703\u8aaa\u8a71\u6642\u5c31\u6703\u8a08\u7b97\u4e86\u3002\u64da\u8aaa\u5728\u4ed63\u6b72\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u6b63\u5728\u8a08\u7b97\u8001\u95c6\u7d66\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u8cc7\uff0c\u53e3\u4e2d\u4e00\u9762\u8aaa\u4e00\u5929\u591a\u5c11\u9322\uff0c\u5f9e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u5171\u591a\u5c11\u5929\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u591a\u5c11\u9322\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u7236\u89aa\u7b97\u597d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5ffd\u7136\u807d\u5230\u7d30\u5c0f\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u7238\uff0c\u8a08\u7b97\u932f\u4e86\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f \u00b7 \u00b7\u624d\u5c0d\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u91cd\u65b0\u6838\u5c0d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u624d\u5c0d\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u62ff\u7b46\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u5fc3\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u4ed610\u6b72\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u4e0a\u7b97\u8853\u8ab2\uff0c\u8001\u5e2b\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u7b97\u8853\uff0c l + 2 + 3 + \u2026 \u2026 + 100 \uff0c\u6c42 l \u52a0\u81f3 100 \u7684\u548c\uff0c\u8001\u5e2b\u628a\u984c\u76ee\u51fa\u5b8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u8209\u624b\u56de\u7b54\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c 5050 \u300d\u3002\u539f\u4f86\u4ed6\u662f\u7528 l + 100\uff1d 2 + 99 \uff1d 3 + 98 \uff1d \u202650+51\uff1d 101 \u7684\u578b\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f62\u6210 50 \u5c0d\u548c\u70ba 101 \u7684\u76f8\u52a0\u5c0d\uff0c\u6545\u7b54\u6848\u662f 5050 \u3002<\/p>\n<p>14\u6b72\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u4ecb\u7d39\u7d66\u5e03\u502b\u8332\u7dad\u514b\u516c\u7235\uff0c\u516c\u7235\u5df2\u7d93\u807d\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u8072\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u9ad8\u65af\u7684\u8d0a\u52a9\u4eba\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u9032\u5165\u5728\u5e03\u502b\u8332\u7dad\u514b\u7684\u52a0\u6d1b\u6797\u4e2d\u5b78\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u7cbe\u901a\u725b\u9813\u3001\u5c24\u62c9\u3001\u62c9\u683c\u862d\u6cbb\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u30021795 \u5e74 10 \u6708\u9ad8\u65af\u96e2\u958b\u52a0\u6d1b\u6797\u4e2d\u5b78\uff0c\u5230\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6578\u5b78\u8207\u53e4\u4ee3\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e4b\u9593\u5de6\u53f3\u70ba\u96e3\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u79d1\u76ee\u4ed6\u90fd\u5f88\u559c\u6b61\uff0c\u5728 1796 \u5e74 4 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d42\u65bc\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ee5\u6578\u5b78\u70ba\u5176\u7d42\u751f\u8077\u696d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/10\/gauss_10.jpg\" alt=\"gauss_10.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u5fb7\u570b\u65bc1955\u5e742\u670823\u65e5\u767c\u884c\u90f5\u7968\uff0c\u7d00\u5ff5\u9ad8\u65af\u7684100\u9031\u5e74\u5fcc\u8fb0<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u65af\u6709\u4e00\u5f88\u6709\u540d\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u4f5c\u5716&#8212;-\u4f5c\u4e00\u6b6317\u908a\u5f62\u5716\uff0c\u6b50\u5e7e\u7406\u5f97\u66fe\u8b49\u660e\u6b633\u908a\u3001\u6b634\u908a\u3001\u6b635\u908a\u3001\u6b6315\u908a\u7b49\u5716\u5f62\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5e7e\u4f55\u53ef\u4f5c\u7684\u5716\u5f62\u3002\u53e4\u4ee3\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u66fe\u898f\u5b9a\u4ee5\u76f4\u5c3a\u53ca\u5713\u898f\u5169\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u4f5c\u5e7e\u4f55\u5716\u5f62\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u4f5c\u5716\u7684\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u5e7e\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\u5716\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u6709\u4e09\u5927\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\u5716\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4e09\u7b49\u5206\u4efb\u4e00\u5df2\u77e5\u89d2\uff0c\u5404\u4f4d\u8b80\u8005\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9019\u4e09\u5927\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\u540d\u984c\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u8b49\u660e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e86\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u82b1\u7cbe\u529b\u65bc\u9019\u65b9\u5411\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u7121\u6cd5\u4f5c\u51fa\u6b637\u30019\u300111\u300113\u300114\u300117\u908a\u5f62\uff0c\u5728\u5f80\u5f8c\u5169\u5343\u5e74\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u61f7\u7591\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u9ad8\u65af\u7528\u76f4\u5c3a\u53ca\u5713\u898f\u9020\u51fa\u4e86\u6b6317\u908a\u5f62\uff0c\u4ed6\u540c\u6642\u8aaa\u660e\u6b63 2n\u908a\u5f62\u53ef\u4f5c\uff0c\u8cbb\u99ac\u8cea\u6578\uff08 3 , 5 , 17 , 257 , 65537\uff0c \u2026 \uff09\u7684\u5947\u6578\u9805\u7684\u908a\u6578\u7684\u6b63\u591a\u908a\u5f62\u4e5f\u662f\u300c\u5e7e\u4f55\u53ef\u4f5c\u5716\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u65af\u5c0d\u6b64\u4e00\u767c\u73fe\u65e2\u9ad8\u8208\u53c8\u9a55\u50b2\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5893\u7891\u4e0a\u8981\u523b\u4e0a\u6b6317\u908a\u5f62\u3002\u5728\u5e03\u6717\u65af\u97cb\u514b\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u4e0a\u6240\u523b\u7684\u662f17\u7a1c\u89d2\u7684\u661f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u96d5\u523b\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u5805\u6301\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b6317\u908a\u5f62\u523b\u51fa\u4f86\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6703\u8aa4\u4ee5\u70ba\u662f\u5713\u3002\u60f3\u770b\u9ad8\u65af\u5893\u7891\u8acb\u4e0agoogle\u4ee5Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss\u00a0 Cemetery\u53bb\u6aa2\u7d22\uff0c\u5728<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss\" class=\"external\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss<\/a>\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u651d\u5f71\u8005\u53ea\u6ce8\u610f\u6574\u9ad4\u9020\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u662f\u6b6317\u908a\u5f62\u621617\u7a1c\u89d2\u661f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/matheplay0025.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"10\" width=\"700\" src=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/matheplay0025.JPG\" hspace=\"10\" alt=\"matheplay0025.JPG\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u9ad8\u65af10\u6b72\u6642\u56de\u7b54\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u628a 1 ,\u00a01 + 2 \uff1d 3 ,\u00a01 + 2 + 3 \uff1d 6 ,\u00a01 + 2 + 3 + 4 \uff1d 10 ,\u00a01 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5\uff1d 15 \u00b7 \u00b7 \u2026 \uff0c \u90191 , 3 , 6 , 10 , 15 , 21 \u2026\u7a31\u70ba\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6578\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u5716\u6240\u793a\u4e00\u6a23\u628a\u5b83\u6392\u6210\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u3002\u8a2d n \u662f\u81ea\u7136\u6578\uff0c\u5247n\uff08n+ 1\uff09\/2\u662f\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6578\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9ad8\u65af\u56de\u7b54\u8001\u5e2b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u300c\u516c\u5f0f\u300d\u3002\u5728 1796 \u5e74 8 \u6708 10 \u65e5\u7684\u65e5\u8a18\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u8b49\u660e\u4efb\u4e00\u81ea\u7136\u6578\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u500b\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6578\u7684\u548c\uff0c\u5982 10 = l + 3 + 6 , 15 = 6 + 6 + 3 \u2026\u4ed6\u7528\u7b26\u865f\u300c\u6578\uff1d \u25b3 \uff0b \u25b3 \uff0b \u25b3 \u300d\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"10\" src=\"http:\/\/pylin.kaishao.idv.tw\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/math0001.JPG\" hspace=\"10\" alt=\"math0001.JPG\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u76d2\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u4f86\u73a9\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6578\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u7167\u5716\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u6392\u5217\u592a\u55ae\u8abf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u4f55\u4e0d\u73a9\u4e00\u9ede\u82b1\u6a23\uff1f\u9996\u5148\u5728\u684c\u9762\u7528 15.\u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u6392\u6210\u5982\u5716\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\uff0c\u518d\u62ff\u51fa 10 \u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u653e\u5728 15 \u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e09\u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0a\u9762\u653e\u4e00\u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21 15 \u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u4e00\u500b\u9760\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6392\u6210\u6b63\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u767c\u73fe 10 \u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u6b63\u597d\u653e\u5b8c\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u62ff\u51fa 6 , 3 , 1 \u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\uff0c\u4f9d\u7121\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u525b\u597d\u53ef\u4ee5\u64fa\u6210\u4e00\u6b63\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f60\u5171\u7528\u4e86 1 \uff0b 3\uff0b 6 \uff0b\uff0b 15 \uff1d 35 \u500b\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u7531\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u5c64\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u73e0\u6578\u662f\u00a01 , 3 , 6 , 10 , 15 \uff0c\u800c\u5176\u7e3d\u73e0\u6578\u4f9d\u5c64\u6578\u7531\u00a01 \u81f3 5 \u5206\u5225\u70ba\u00a01 , 4 , 10 , 20 , 35 \u9019\u7a2e\u6578\u7a31\u70ba\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\u6578\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u82e5 n \u662f\u81ea\u7136\u6578\uff0c\u5247n\uff08n + l\uff09( n + 2\uff09\/6\u662f\u56db\u9762\u9ad4\u6578\u3002\u4f60\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u628a\u9019\u984c\u76ee\u73a9\u4e0b\u53bb\u5462\uff1f 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